Abnormal psychology personality disorder

Irregular brain research character issue Presentation Anomalous brain research alludes to brain science branch that inspects strange personal conduct standards, feelings and considerations that influences ones family, social, and work life. Character issue emerges when ones character gets unyielding and extraordinary. The greater part of the disarranges produces results following birth and later forms into an out and out one in adulthood. Bunches of Personality issue      There are three bunches of character issue for example Bunch A, Cluster B and Clusters C. Group An alludes to those character issue that are considered as capricious or odd. Clutters experienced under this group include distrustful, schizoid and Schizotypal issue. Every one of the condition under group A has various characteristics. For instance, qualities depicted under neurotic incorporate reluctance to confide in others, having numerous ridiculous questions about something and holding of feelings of spite all the more frequently. Group B are those character issue that are identified with flighty or passionate scatters and incorporate solitary, dramatic, fringe and narcissistic issue. Bunch C are those clutters that are frightful or on edge. Clutters under this incorporate the ward and the avoidant issue. Every one of the bunch issue bears various qualities (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Diathesis-Stress model      Diathesis-Stress model alludes to a brain research hypothesis that attempts to clarify conduct because of both hereditary and organic elements for example Connection among nature and support. This model for the most part expect a specific aura towards a given issue may happen because of a mix of a people early learning and hereditary qualities. As indicated by diathesis-stress model, the inclination along with some type of natural pressure offers ascend to a strange conduct. (College of Michigan, 1987)      According to this model, various practices inborn in various individuals are incited by the collaboration that exists between hereditary helplessness and happenings throughout everyday life or nature. Rahe and Holmes built up a hypothesis which shows a backwards connection among weakness and stress. Therefore, more pressure is required to make a turmoil when the degree of helplessness is low though a more elevated level of powerlessness requires little worry to trigger a confusion. The hypothesis clarifies further that the two factors, that is, stress and diathesis must be there for one to ever build up a confusion. Ultimately, Rahe and Holmes discovered that the more life experiences one had, the higher the degree of stress. Schizotypical Personality issue in group B Character issue can be supposed to be tenacious personal conduct standards that begin from various principles of specific societies. Such disarranges might be realized by factors that are abusing or stressors. One type of character issue in bunch B is the Schizotypical character issue which is likewise alluded to as solitary character issue. This conduct is typically set apart with a type of unavoidable relational conduct whereby the individual feels that the person is awkward in social settings. The individual additionally encounters decreased limit if there should arise an occurrence of cozy connections. Their recognition and thinking power will in general be twisted and shows capricious type of practices (The University of Michigan, 1987). Attributes of Antisocial character issue The confusion is normally connected with people beyond eighteen years old however lead issue begins to appear before the very age of fifteen. The individual has a dismissal for the laws and regularly carries on in a crazy, tricky, imprudent and forceful way. There is additionally absence of regret and inability to work reliably. Guys with this type of character issue as a rule tend to expend liquor unreasonably because of inability to manage the issue of self-satisfaction and furthermore the restraint of driving forces (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Meaning of marginal character issue Marginal character issue alludes to a delayed mental issue. It is portrayed by quick difference in state of mind in the patient and sentiments of ending it all that may make troubles specialists while taking care of the influenced patients. The main driver of the turmoil isn't exactly known yet the majority of the influenced appear to give indications of progress as time passes by. Reasons for Schizotypical character issue Character issue are normally long haul and they meddle with ones life for a long time. The reason for the withdrawn issue is obscure however kid misuse and hereditary components are accepted to be the principle reasons that add to the condition. Those individuals that have alcoholic or withdrawn parent are at high hazard and more men when contrasted with ladies are influenced. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). Treatment of Schizotypical character issue Conduct cutoff points ought to be set when required and a streetwise methodology ought to be depicted without being a lot of corrective. Medicine isn't generally vital however the most significant thing is to separate unadulterated temperament issue from the character issue as those patients experiencing state of mind issue will pick up the advantage of prescription particularly the specific serotonin inhibitors entire then again, those patients with character issue require close clinical examination to the extent inception and ensuing after of the drug treatment is concerned. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). Controlling Schizotypical character issue Most hypotheses as a rule property the improvement of fanatical mandatory character issue to early life difficulties and encounters that incorporates need warm parental relationship, inflexibility and over control and the nearness of barely any compensations for the unconstrained articulation of emotions.However,there is little work that has been done throughout the years in distinguishing the preventive strategies.(American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Psychopathology Psychopathology alludes to the investigation of mental trouble, psychological instability, maladaptive and anomalous conduct. Psychopathology in this way tends to researchers who for the most part work in clinical settings on clear psychopathology or for arrangement and approval of determination or on the reasonable confining of the psychopathology discoveries. They may in this way incorporate an interdisciplinary way to deal with organic and clinical fields or to different humanities. Other than welcoming reports concerning clinical examination, Psychopathology additionally addresses the clinicians who allude to work in centers or neurotic marvels. Psychopathology regularly acknowledges papers on such areas as Original paper, Review paper, Case Report and the Letter to the Editor. Surveys may comprise of meta-examination, diagrams and reasonable papers which depend on a given writing outline. Unique papers may contain information that is produced by creators. Case Reports then again is acknowledged just in the event that they invigorate the utilitarian bits of knowledge of the novel or the classificatory ideas though the Letters to the Editor are additionally bound to explicit researcher banter issues. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). The Nature of Psychopathology Psychopathology for the most part comprises of typologies of psychopathology which is assumed. The emphasis is principally on the demonstrative and elucidating rules and the resultant value of the classifications for research, treatment arranging, bureaucratic record keeping e.t.c.What is for the most part regular to the two methodologies is that the psychopathology is the manner in which the classifications are proposed as negligible expected dysfunctionality with no respect to the idea of their dysfunctionalities and in respect no consideration is coordinated towards the issue of what makes the dysfunctrionalities obsessive. Psychopathology is typically considered as inflexible for example the demonstration of comparing broken and psychopathology resembles likening the psychopathology obliviousness and blunder (The University of Michigan, 1987). Youngster Psychopathology Youngster psychopathology as a Psychopathology alludes to physical scatters that shows in teenagers and kids. Instances of kid psychopathology issue incorporate restriction resistant, unavoidable turn of events, consideration deficiency hyperactivity among others. Social specialists, advocates, therapists and analysts who generally work with youngsters who are intellectually sick are educated in formative brain science, clinical kid brain science, family status and advancement psychopathology by the exploration. Kid human services should not to be neglected thus it is imperative to take note of the emotional changes that happen (Journal of Child and Family considers, 1992). Parental pressure these days are related with youngster psychopathology particularly lead issues, animosity and hyperactivity. The two young men and young ladies are very comparable to the extent the idea of their psychopathology is concerned and there is no variety in the scope of child rearing pressure concerning their consideration (Journal of Child and Family contemplates, 1992). Works Cited American Psychiatric Association, (2000).Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental issue. American Psychiatric Association Diary of Child and Family examines. (1992).Child psychopathology and freak family hierarchies.Springer, Netherlands. Moore, D Jefferson. (2004).Antisocial character issue. Handbook of Medical Psychiatry. Philadelphia. The University of Michigan,(1987)Harrisons standards of inner medication. the University of Michigan. Turner. (1989).Child psychopathology: a social point of view. the University of Michigan

How to Write Strong Arguments in Essays

How to Write Strong Arguments in EssaysWhen writing argumentative essays, it is important to be as objective as possible. Arguments in an essay are not meant to be biased or one sided. To write strong arguments, you must be able to analyze and weigh all the facts and data. Many students get so caught up in creating and delivering an argument that they forget to look at the facts.The author must read their research paper aloud before the essay is written. This will enable the reader to judge whether they agree with the content of the essay. If they do not agree with the essay, they will want to know why the writer disagrees with it. Also, it allows the author to be corrected on any factual errors. By reading the content aloud, the author will not lose the student's attention when they need to make a change.One mistake many writers make is they use the essay to voice an opinion. An opinion is fine but an opinion should be supported by facts and evidence. Sometimes people who are not ex perts in a subject will choose to write an essay to support their point of view and not because they have all the facts. In this case, they usually begin their essay without having a good reason for it.Writers who choose to write an essay on their point of view often do not do enough research on the topic they are writing about. When an essay is written to support an opinion, the writer tends to base the argument on their personal opinion of the topic. This is not a good practice to use in essay writing. Arguments in essays should be based on facts and proof.If you choose to write an essay on your personal view, it is imperative that you read the research you are writing on and seek the advice of other experts in the subject. If you feel that the opinion you are writing is in conflict with the research you are reading, you should refrain from using that opinion in your essay. The truth always prevails in the end.Writing an essay without taking the time to read research on a topic is dangerous. It will have negative repercussions in the form of students' being bored and feeling as if they were only writing an opinion piece. As a writer, it is your responsibility to be knowledgeable about a topic. You do not want to throw away good work because you didn't take the time to educate yourself. Even if you are writing to impress others, it is still wise to check for validity.By checking to see if the information you are quoting is valid in the essay, you will ensure that you are being as accurate as possible. The information you are quoting is not final. It will not be published without your approval. If you are not sure that the information you are quoting is correct, you may choose to remove it.Instead of writing a conclusion statement that might contradict your opinion, consider adding a footnote stating you have researched the subject and come to a different conclusion. Do not fall into the trap of leaving your reader with the impression that you have studied the topic thoroughly. People may not like to hear this. But they will appreciate the fact that you took the time to research the topic before you write. Thus, arguments in essays are strengthened when taken seriously.

Permit me to introduce myself; i am Charles Baker Harris, known to my friends simply as Dill Essay Example

License me to present myself; I am Charles Baker Harris, referred to my companions basically as Dill Essay I did live with mother and stepfather; anyway I want to think about the companions and opportunity of Maycomb, Alabama as my home-where I feel progressively significant and all the more critically needed. As far as my folks They improve without me, I can't help them anyAs Francis says about me, He hasnt got a home; he just gets went around from comparative with relative. During the year I went around different relatives however I generally invest my late spring energy living with my auntie, Miss Rachel Haverford, the Finches nearby neighbor, in Maycomb.I once said I think Ill be a comedian when I get developed There aint one thing in this world I can do about people aside from chuckle to which Jem answered You got it in reverse, Dill-Clowns are tragic, its people that giggle at them. All things considered, Im going to be another sort of jokester. Im going to remain in the ring and chuckle at the people. (ch.22). this shows how critically I esteem having a ton of fun in life-I am not confined or impacted by grown-up partialities, liking to make up my own psyche on what I have witnessed.I did once propose to Scout because of the amount I appreciate her conversation and being around her. At the point when I am not in Maycomb I have an inclination that Im not doing as well as can be expected to care for my one day to be spouse. Scout once concurred with this expression He marked me out, stamped me as property, said I was the main young lady he would adore, at that point he dismissed me.While Jem, Scout and I were viewing the preliminary, I felt exceptionally irritated about the manner in which the arraigning lawyer was treating Tom while he was on the stand. I couldnt comprehend why anybody would need to be so merciless to another person. I believe that all ought to be dealt with similarly and with deference, my time and encounters in Maycomb and seeing the manner in which numerous whites ordinarily treat blacks, has fortified this faith in me very strongly.In the social class of Maycomb I am a kid, this gives me little regard, anyway I am white which despite everything puts me at an unjustifiable social favorable position over any African American individual in Maycomb.I added to the story whenI am huge to the story since I am to some degree an untouchable taking a gander at the occasions happening in the unassuming community of Maycomb. Additionally I was something of an impetus for the occasions that prompted picking up Boo Radleys trust and inevitably when he spared our lives.Like Scout and Jem, the image of a mockingbird could be extremely exact to portray me as I am likewise a blameless adolescent compelled to learn numerous grown-up exercises at an early age.If there is one thing you should think about me is family backing and love is something I esteem beyond a reasonable doubt, having been demonstrated the characteristics of a decent family through my communications and encounters with the Finches.I am set up to take questions in reg ards to myself and my life.

Entrepreneurship Is Not Only A Word Entrepreneur - 1349 Words

In the thirteenth-century, entreprendre, a French verb originated to mean â€Å"to do something† or â€Å"to undertake.† By the sixteenth century the word, entrepreneur formed. The word entrepreneur refers to someone who undertakes a business venture. An entrepreneur is someone that takes risks in developing, managing and organizing a business or enterprise. Every entrepreneur weighs the risks involved against the potential profit to be gained. When they think the gain outweighs the risk they take every opportunity to execute their ideas. Entrepreneurship is a process that develops new ways of combining resources. When a new combination of resources is generated above market value the entrepreneur makes a profit. Many successful entrepreneurs create jobs for the economy, while others may not be so successful because of the huge risks involved. Some risks being capital, time, motivation, and not being able to adapt to change (Sobel, 2008) . Entrepreneurship is not only a word that was formed in the sixteenth century. Entrepreneurship is vastly important to every economy, especially the American economy because these entrepreneurs that create companies increase our economic growth by creating jobs for many people. They are the ones that allow us to buy goods and allow us the opportunity to use many services. Without them, we wouldn’t have most of the stuff we take for granted today. Entrepreneurs expand our ability to generate income which results in a higher living for everyoneShow MoreRelatedIndia s Growth Of The Indian Economy1517 Words   |  7 PagesNow a day’s entrepreneurship is playing an excellent role in boosting up the Indian economy by working as driving force in the market. Many young entrepreneurs are coming forward and setting up their ventures in different parts of India. These initiatives are opening the way for plenty of jobs for the young jobseekers which is prime necessity for the devel opment of any economy like India. (Quote this by current unemployment data). India is recognized as a talent hub in the world which shows thatRead MoreFactors That Can Promote or Hinder Enterpreneurship1492 Words   |  6 PagesLIST AND EXPLAIN FACTORS THAT CAN PROMOTE OR HINDER ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is a person who starts an enterprise. He searches for change and responds to it. A number of definitions have been given of an entrepreneur- The economists view him as a fourth factor of production along with land labour and capital. To put it very simply an entrepreneur is someone who perceives opportunity, organizes resources needed for exploiting that opportunity and exploits it. Computers, mobileRead MoreThe Teachability Dilemma of Entrepreneurship1296 Words   |  6 PagesEntrepreneurs are a very, or perhaps the most, important boost in our economy. They do not only take the risk for the sake of a business, but also they provide our economy with employment opportunities and culture. A society can only be prosperous only when it rewards and encourages entrepreneurial activity because in fact, it is the entrepreneurs and their activities that are the critical factor for success, prosperity, growth and opportunity in any given economy. Entrepreneurship is not easy andRead MoreEntrepreneurship Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesHill Leitch (2003) the word entrepreneur was derived from the French word ‘entreprendre’ which means to undertake, and the first person who introduced and used the word of ent repreneur was Richard Cantillon (1680-1734), an Irish economist. Cantillon defined entrepreneur as a person with the foresight and confidence to work in conditions when costs may be known, but rewards are uncertain (Bridge, O’Neill Cromie 1998). Therefore, it can be concluded that entrepreneurship demands foresight and willingnessRead MoreEntrepreneurship As An Entrepreneur, Real World Experience Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesEntrepreneurship is a topic that is heavily debated in regards to if it can be taught or not. The word Entrepreneurship originates from a French word that means to undertake. In the business sense, it is defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary as one who organizes, manages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise. Since entrepreneurship is an appealing career path, people want to know if they can be taught it or if it is something they have intrinsically. The objective of this essayRead MoreWhat does Entrepreneur Means Essay1044 Words   |  5 Pages The word entrepreneur is derived from the French word â€Å"Entreprendre†, which is loosely translated to English as, to mean, to do something or to undertake. Therefore, entrepreneur defined as someone who undertakes a business venture. The first academic to use the word was the economist Richard Cantillon in 1730; Cantillon adds a risk taker element into the definition. The basic definition of an entrepreneur is a person who organizes and manages any enterprise, especially a business, usually withRead MoreSocial Entrepreneurship And Social Innovation1502 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Entrepreneurship The term â€Å"social entrepreneurship† first appeared in the scholarly literature over 35 years ago in a publication titled The Sociology of Social Movements (Banks,1972). However, Social entrepreneurship has its origins in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when philanthropic business owners and industrialists like Robert Owen, demonstrated a concern for the welfare of employees by improving their working, schooling and cultural lives. Since then, social entrepreneurshipRead MoreEntrepreneurship Is A Nature Or Nurture Process Essay1468 Words   |  6 PagesEntrepreneurship is a complex field of study in business that sparks much debate. One prominent discussion relates to whether entrepreneurship is a nature or nurture process. In order to answer this question, entrepreneurship must first be defined. As it is a multi-faceted field that spans across a wide range of contexts, there is no agreed definition of entrepreneurship (Schaper, 2014). For the context of this essay , however, it is a process that brings together a team- with a leading entrepreneur-Read MoreEssay on Can Entrepreneurship Improve Africas Wellbeing Development1628 Words   |  7 PagesCan Entrepreneurship Improve Africa’s Wellbeing Development? Introduction Africa is one of the poorest areas in the world. Data shows that in some countries, poverty reaches unbelievable rates and people live with less than $1 a day (Ngwane 2003). In contrast, in some countries like USA bankers and CEOs earn up to 400 million dollars a year in bonuses and salaries (Enron 2005). On the other hand, entrepreneurship has significantly increased developed countries’ wellbeing in the last century. InRead MoreTheories of Entrepreneurship1647 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Entrepreneurship is a phenomenon that is driving the world economy today and aptly so because entrepreneurship is the process of creating economic and social value by means of taking risks, creating and exploiting opportunity and generating new ideas. Entrepreneurship is all pervasive and can exist in any industry and market. Also, entrepreneurship is not limited to creating new ventures; entrepreneurship also exists in large corporations like Google and 3M where employees are encouraged

Essay on War on Drugs - 1760 Words

The so-called â€Å"War on Drugs,† as declared by the Nixon administration in the signing of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, marked the beginning of the current era of mandatory minimum sentencing, racism, privatized prisons, and a powerful constituency that profits as a result of the prohibition of drugs. Psychoactive substances have been apart of the human experience as long as humans have walked the earth. There is little hope that drug production will ever be curtailed, so long as there is a demand; a demand that has remained steady even though it has been forty years since the beginning of said war. As Judge James P. Gray from the Superior Court of Orange County has so plainly put it: â€Å"Where did this policy†¦show more content†¦One thing that must be made obvious is that the government makes money regardless of the results that they produce. A good majority of the criminal justice system is paid with this budgeted drug money . There has been a historical increase in judges, lawyers, police officers and the creation of entire government organizations that directly make money as a result of the prohibition. It is not only law enforcement side that would like to see prohibition remain intact; it is also the drug dealers that would like the policies to remain as they are. (Harvey) Prohibition causes the handling of drugs to become a risky business and, therefore, drives the prices up astronomically allowing for a business that has a profit in the thousands of percent with no tax. Ricky Ross, the most infamous crack-cocaine dealer in Los Angeles, while being interviewed in jail told the interviewer, â€Å"I became addicted to the money and also the power too I believe† (Booth). These people will have the opportunity to make extraordinary amounts of money so long as current prohibition stays intact. There is clearly something wrong if both the government and drug dealers would both like to see prohibit ion perpetuated. In some cases, it so happens that the government is working both sides of the law. It has been alleged that the CIA, with its support of the Contra resistance group in Nicaragua, has actively participated in the importation of cocaine while being protected from prosecution as aShow MoreRelatedThe War On Drugs And Drugs Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesThe war on drugs have been a critical issue that has repeatedly held a great debate topic. It was in the 1906 when the first act against drug was put into effect with the Pure Food and Drug Act which required all over-the-counter medication to have label of its ingredients. Under President Nixon the first executive branch office to coordinate drug policy was formed and the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act was put into place. Two years following that the Drug Enforcement AgencyRead MoreThe American War On Drugs1598 Words   |  7 Pages The American â€Å"War on Drugs† war created to keep an exorbitant amount of people behind bars, and in a subservient status. First, America has a storied history when it comes to marijuana use. However, within the last 50 years legislation pertaining to drug use and punishment has increased significantly. In the modern era, especially hard times have hit minority communities thanks to these drug laws. While being unfairly targeted by drug laws and law enforcement, minorities in America are havingRead More War on Drugs is War on Democracy Essay1286 Words   |  6 Pagestreating marijuana offenders worse than violent criminals. I doubt, however, that many Americans are truly conscious of how some peoples lives have been shattered because of current practices in the so-called drug war. Now, about 15 years since its beginning, the war on drugs has become a war on personal freedom and toes the line of authoritarianism. On the brink of the 21st century, this is not a good sign for preserving our future, nor that of democracy. In 1989, a small business owner andRead MoreThe War On Drug War2268 Words   |  10 Pagespresident nixon, Declared Drug abuse public enemy number one, starting an unprecedented global Campaign, the war on drug. Today the number are in the war on drug is a huge failure with devastated unintended consequences, it lead to mass incarceration in the us, to corruption, to political destabilization, and violence in latin america, asia, and africa. To systemic human right abuse across the world.†-Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell The drug war is an all out war between drug cartels, and the governmentsRead MoreThe War On Drug War2282 Words   |  10 Pagespresident nixon, Declared Drug abuse public enemy number one, starting an unprecedented global Campaign, the war on drug. Today the number are in the war on drug is a huge failure with devastated unintended consequences, it lead to mass incarceration in the us, to corruption, to political destabilization, and violence in latin america, asia, and africa. To systemic human right abuse across the world.†-Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell The drug war is an all out war between drug cartels the usa and mexicoRead MoreDrug War2482 Words   |  10 PagesPeriod 8 Drug Policy: A Look at America’s Ineffective Approach to Drugs Introduction In January 2004, senatorial candidate Barack Obama firmly opposed the twenty two-year war on drugs, saying that the United States’ approach in the drug war has been ineffective (Debussman).   Although the term, â€Å"war on drugs,† was originally coined by President Richard Nixon in 1971, it wasn’t until Ronald Reagan announced that â€Å"drugs were menacing society†Read MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1506 Words   |  7 Pages When, in 1971, Richard Nixon infamously declared a â€Å"war on drugs† it would have been nearly impossible for him to predict the collective sense of disapprobation which would come to accompany the now ubiquitous term. It would have been difficult for him to predict that the drug war would become a hot topic, a highly contentious and polarizing point of debate and, it would have difficult for him to predict that the United States would eventually become the prison capital of the world, incarceratingRead MoreDrugs And Politics : The War On Drugs Essay2157 Words   |  9 PagesDrugs and Politics The war on drugs has been a great tool to keep the force of U.S drug policies’ in Latin America because the prohibition makes the most successful and profitable failure to transnational corporations. Over the course 100 years of repression history of narcotics, it has become apparent that zero tolerance policies have brought nothing than harm to the working class on a Global scale, especially Mexico. The attempt to eradicate trafficking in narcotics in many of the Latin AmericanRead MoreThe War On Drugs And The United States1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe War on Drugs has been an ongoing effect ever since the Civil War introduced the drug morphine to the world. In the years since people have been coming up with drugs more lethal than morphine such as cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, and so on and so forth. The War on Drugs is dangerous and leads to many deaths throughout the years. America has set up agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) and other drug task forc e teams throughout the United States. Even though we may not be ableRead More War on Drugs Essay examples1932 Words   |  8 Pageshorror stories about drugs like crack-cocaine. From them, and probably from no other source, we learn that crack is immediately addictive in every case, we learn that it causes corruption, crazed violence, and almost always leads to death. The government tells us that we are busy fighting a war on drugs and so it gives us various iconic models to despise and detest : we learn to stereotype inner-city minorities as being of drug-infested wastelands and we learn to witchhunt drug users within our own

Zeitoun Essay example - 2192 Words

Zeitoun Have you even judged someone on who he or she is or what they looked like? And have you ever had a bad experience or traumatic experience happens and you looked for someone or something to blame, but in reality there was nothing to blame? Well, a natural disaster can be blamed on no one, but in times like that emotions run wild and blame can be put on someone who fits a certain profile. Racism and Hurricane Katrina were two forces that clashed together to create an even bigger problem for the victims. This is caused by an insecurity of the situation at hand. In the book Zeitoun by Dave Eggers, racism and racial profiling is the underlying themes in the story. These themes are also the underlying themes of people who are subjected†¦show more content†¦When the Hurricane was coming his family left for a safer area, but Zeitoun wanted to stay with his house because he worked hard to get where he was. Zeitoun wanted to try to protect his house in anyway possible. After all the damage was done and New Orleans was submerged in water and nearly completely destroyed, Abdulrahman Zeitoun was asked by his wife to leave the area and go to a safer place. But Zeitoun being the person he is, decided to stay and to help out anyway possible. He canoed around helping those who needed it. When Zietoun was at his house after the hurricane and after he had helped all the people that he could help in the town, he decided that is was time for him to also leave the city. Zeitoun was confronted by National guardsmen and taken to a make shift military base. The entire ride he was treaded poorly, handcuffed, and pushed around. When he arrived at the Union passenger station used as a jail, he was told that he was Al-Qaeda and that’s why he was taken. The national guardsmen saw that Zeitoun was of a Middle Eastern culture and took him. There, Zeitoun was experiencing racism without even knowing it. Zeitoun was stripped searched and rectum searched, called racial slurs and treated poorly, but Zeitoun tried to look at the situation as mandatory protocol and not a racial discrimination. The place he was at was given the name â€Å"Camp Greyhound†. At this camp there wasn’t just racistShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Zeitoun By Dave Eggers988 Words   |à ‚  4 Pagessummer assignment, we were assigned to read Zeitoun by Dave Eggers, which recounts the story of a Muslim-American man named Abdulrahman Zeitoun who remained in New Orleans during 2005’s deadly Hurricane Katrina. While trapped in the city, Zeitoun paddles in his canoe in the flooded streets aiding those who are in danger; however, Zeitoun is suddenly arrested under accusations of being affiliated with an Al-Qaeda Terrorist Cell. Throughout the novel, Zeitoun is portrayed as a gentle and compassionateRead MoreZeitoun, By Dave Eggers1699 Words   |  7 Pages In the novel, Zeitoun by Dave Eggers, the main character, Abdulrahman Zeitoun, is an immigrant of Syria who stays in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina and is arrested due to the suspicion of looting, but really is arrested because of his race and how he looks. Zeitoun’s faith and loyalty to his community and home is tested through the many obstacles of Hurricane Katrina and including his religion, racism, and his very own dignity. The author, Dave Eggers who is also the speaker in novel, provesRead MoreZeitoun Essay example973 Words   |  4 PagesTG 1 Valeria Franco April 1, 2011 English 28 Zeitoun Essay Zeitoun By: Dave Eggers After September 11, 2001 I’ve had trouble finding what makes me more angry; the way the authorities handled the hurricane of Katrina or the way the Arabs were treated. I have herd countless stories related to the 9/11 attack and until today I see the way that has affected the lives of many. Through Eggers story, I was able to comprehend more about the tragedy in New Orleans and even though I thought I alreadyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Zeitoun By Dave Eggers978 Words   |  4 Pagesassignment, we were assigned to read Zeitoun by Dave Eggers, which recounts the true story of a Muslim-American man named Abdulrahman Zeitoun who remained in New Orleans during 2005’s deadly Hurricane Katrina. While trapped in the city, Zeitoun paddles in his canoe in the flooded streets coming to the aid of those who are in danger; however, Zeitoun is arrested under accusations of being affiliated with an Al-Qaeda Terrorist Cell. Throughout the novel, Zeitoun is portrayed as a gentle an d compassionateRead MoreThe Destruction Of Dignity By Dave Eggers1757 Words   |  8 Pages, Dave Eggers, in his riveting novel Zeitoun retells the story of a New Orleans painter as he finds himself in the city following Hurricane Katrina. Throughout his harrowing journey throughout the aftermath, Eggers exhibits the horrifying results a disaster can have on the dignity of victims. There are countless examples throughout the novel of those who have been dispossessed of their dignity and humanity, and there is no better example than that of Zeitoun himself. Egger’s portrayal of the aftermathRead MoreThe Mistreatment Of The Zeitoun Family1493 Words   |  6 Pages Renowned journalist and author, Dave Eggers, in his famed novel, Zeitoun, recounts the mistreatment of the Zeitoun family in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina based on their racial and religious profiles in a post-9/11 America. His purpose is to reveal the unwarranted injustices faced by Muslim-American Hurricane K atrina victims through a description of the Zeitoun family’s experiences, in order to educate his readers of the impact discrimination has on emergency response. Eggers adopts a sympatheticRead MoreZeitoun Fight or Flight795 Words   |  3 Pagesit worth risking your life to protect your belongings and property when a Category 5 hurricane is barreling towards your city? Is it right to disregard reports about a storm because in past experiences the news has been wrong? In Zeitoun by Dave Eggers, a man named Zeitoun decides to let his family evacuate New Orleans without him so that he can stay behind and protect his several homes, business, and personal belongings from Category 5 hurricane Katrina. Once the hurricane passes, and he survivesRead MoreZeitoun Rhetorical Essay1440 Words   |  6 Pagesin Zeitoun, shows a story of a Muslim American family living through many challenges. After 9/11 Muslim families, like the Zeitouns, face many problems living in America. Eggers wan ts to inform other Americans on the situation of Muslim living in the United States, present day. People who are uneducated about the Muslim religion need to be informed on how similar lives are of other people all around the United States. These people throw out stereotypes and aim judgments wrongly at the Zeitoun familyRead MoreKaren Eggers s Zeitoun Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesKimberley A. Turner Elizabeth Miossec-Backer WR 121 19 October 2016 ZEITOUN-KATHY In Dave Eggers nonfiction novel Zeitoun, Kathy is an American woman who converts from Christianity to Islam before marrying her Syrian-born Muslim husband, Abdulrahman Zeitoun. Together, they have three daughters and own and operate a painting company in New Orleans. In her earlier years, Kathy found herself divorced with an infant son working fifty hours a week. â€Å"†¦.her life was a struggle, and she was looking forRead MoreSummary Of Dave Eggers s Zeitoun 1028 Words   |  5 PagesDave Eggers, addresses the endeavors of Zeitoun during and after Hurricane Katrina in his book â€Å"Zeitoun.† His goal is to educate the audience about the prejudices and troubles experienced during the disaster. A formal, yet sympathetic tone is used in the book to not only inform the audience about the hardships experienced by Zeitoun, but to also encourage sympathy among the audience. One struggle he focuses on is Islamophobia and how it negatively affects Zeitoun and his family. He shows this through

Percentage of completion method vs completed

Percentage of completion method vs completed-contract method Essay â€Å"Is it more appropriate to use the percentage-of-completion method or the completed-contract method for acknowledging gross of long-run building contracts? † Draft Paper for DFST3341 Fiscal Accounting Bachelor of Applied Business Administration – Accounting Bachelor of Applied Business Administration – Accounting February 4, 2014 Executive Summary Many concerns are concerned with how to enter their grosss and disbursals in order to maximising their benefits while minimising their revenue enhancements lawfully. The inquiry associating to revenue enhancements is frequently asked by many little businesses’ proprietors. However, another every bit of import issue that little concern proprietors might frequently bury is their accounting income which can be every bit of import. Many little concerns might be invariably looking for the extra loans to fund their ongoing undertakings. Therefore, fiscal establishments and prospected investors might be inquiring if the concern can manage excess loans or take on the new proposed undertakings. For the intent of this paper, we will be analyzing little place builders who have been entering their contracted undertakings by utilizing the completed method to find if it is more appropriate to utilize the per centum of the completed method. The immediate impact of the different methods of gross acknowledgment will hold direct impact on the fiscal statements. Therefore, we will be utilizing the illustration from John-of-all-trades edifice corporation to establish our findings if the company should be taking one method over the other. We may happen that depending on the assorted demands of the concern, one method might be more appropriate than the other depending on the coveted Numberss that a concern proprietor wants to hold on the fiscal statement that will be fulfilling the alone demands of a company. The Percentage of completion method versus the Completed contract method A comparing of the two different accounting methods will enable us to hold a better apprehension of the advantages and disadvantages in term of fiscal and non-financial factors. The per centum of completion method The percentage-of-completion method recognizes income as work on a contract ( or a group of closely related contracts ) progresses. The acknowledgment of grosss and net incomes is by and large related to costs incurred in supplying the services required under the contract. Under this method, work-in-progress ( WIP ) is accumulated in the accounting records. At any point in clip if the cumulative Billingss to day of the month under the contract exceed the sum of the WIP plus the part of the contract’s estimated gross net income attributable to that WIP, so the contractor recognizes a current liability captioned â€Å"billing in surplus of costs and estimated earnings† . The liability recognizes the staying duty of the contractor to finish extra work prior to acknowledging the extra charge as gross. If the contrary is true, that is, the accrued WIP and gross net income earned exceed Billingss to day of the month, so the contractor recognizes a current assets captioned â€Å"cost and estimated net incomes in surplus of billings.† This plus represents the part of the contractor’s grosss under the contract that have been earned but non yet billed under the contract commissariats. The percentage-of-completion method recognizes the gross over clip as building progresses to capture the ‘earned’ gross and fit it with the incurred disbursal. The contractor has the duty to execute the work and the purchaser has the duty to pay the contractor throughout different completed phases of the undertaking. Harmonizing to the article Overview of the Percentage of Completion method, this method works best when it is moderately possible to gauge the phases of undertaking completion and the staying costs. This method will non be favorable when there are excessively much uncertainnesss about the per centum of completion and the contractor is unable to gauge the minimal entire gross and maximal entire cost to get at the contract command. .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .postImageUrl , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:hover , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:visited , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:active { border:0!important; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:active , .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4d980403d80d5c5e2464f15facc5a4a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Criminology EssayThe advantages for the contractor would be a lessening in bad debt, gross received sooner which improves the hard currency flow for the concern which could take to a possible decrease in involvement disbursal, and an addition in motive to finish the undertaking harmonizing to the jutting clip frame. The disadvantage for the contractor would be an addition in administrating cost to publish estimations of completed phases of the undertaking, an addition in labor for publishing bills and roll uping grosss. The disadvantage for the purchaser would be an addition in hard currency out flow than the completed accounting method. The completed-contract method The completed-contract method recognizes incomes merely when the contract is complete, or well complete. Under this method, contract costs and related Billingss are accumulated in the accounting records and reported as recesss points on the statement of fiscal place until the undertaking is complete or well complete. A contract is regarded as well complete if staying costs of completion are immaterial. When the accumulated costs ( WIP ) exceed the related Billingss, the surplus is presented as a current plus ( inventory history ) . If Billingss exceed related costs, the difference is presented by current liability. The finding is besides made on a project-by-project footing with the accrued assets and liabilities being individually stated on the statement of fiscal place. An surplus of accrued Billingss over related costs is presented in most instances as a current liability. The completed contract method is a deferral method of acknowledging the ‘earned’ gross and ‘realized’ disbursals. The completed contract method will acknowledge the WIP as a current plus point while the surplus of charge will be categorized as current liability. The disadvantages for the contractor would be a lessening in hard currency flow due to concluding payment will be received one time the whole undertaking is completed. Therefore, an addition in involvement disbursal would be realized due to the limited of hard currency influxs. Is it more appropriate to use the per centum of completion than the completed contract method? These undermentioned factors that should be considered before choosing the accounting method for acknowledging the gross of the building undertakings: The possibility of uncertainnesss that associated with the staying costs of the undertakings Are there possible conditions that might forestall the enforcement of a undertaking due to related belongingss being expropriated? When contracts are short-run in nature that the consequences reported differ between the two methods are immaterial. The delaying in acknowledging grosss will let a concern to postpone the acknowledgment of related income revenue enhancements. There is a demand for obtaining extra support as working capital for enlargement in the following few old ages There is an outlook of loss before the undertaking is completed Harmonizing to the article of Overview of the Completed Contract method and the Percentage of completion method, the writer identifies the appropriate state of affairss that will promote the choice of one method over the other. By traveling through each factor, a company can find the demands of the presentation of the fiscal statements to reflect the gross recognized. Because of the different intervention of the earned gross, one company may take the per centum of completion because of the demands in more frequent hard currency flows to cover disbursals that the company does non hold adequate hard currency to cover. Besides, another cardinal factor that will promote a concern to take the per centum of completion is the ability to anticipate the instability in the economic system ; hence, enabling the estimations of concluding costs for the undertaking prior to the company’s rivals. Decision Mentions: 1 ) www.accounting tools.com/percentage-of-completion-method 2 ) Lamoreaux, M. G. ( 2012 ) . A new system for acknowledging gross: larn how the new theoretical account in FASB s revised proposal could impact your concern.Journal of Accountability, 1-30. .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .postImageUrl , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:hover , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:visited , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:active { border:0!important; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:active , .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164 .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udc2d68da30198636d83a3aa2dab5c164:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Walmart Essay3 ) McKee, T. E. ( 2013 ) . Using larning curves for Revenue Recognition: how to use a different attack under FA SB s proposed criterion.The CPA Journal, 1-60. 4 ) Spector, S. ( 2012 ) . Revenue Recognition: Take Three.CGA Magazines, 44-45. 5 ) Spector, S. ( 2013 ) . A joint IASB/FASB gross theoretical account is on the skyline.CGA Magazine, 42-43. 6 ) Rashty, J. , A ; OShaughnessy, J. ( 2011 ) . Accounting for Deferred Revenue Liabilities in Post-Business Combination Statements. CPA Journal, 81 ( 4 ) , 30-33. 7 ) Culp, William R. , ,Jr, A ; Richardson, M. L. ( 2006 ) . CAN COMPLETED CONTRACT ACCOUNTING METHOD BE USED BY LOT DEVELOPERS WHO DO NOT BUILD HOMES?Journal of Taxation,105( 6 ) , 342-348. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //search.proquest.com.libezproxy.nait.ca/docview/198106842? accountid=12654 8 ) Brady, R. , A ; Triplett, L. ( 2011, October ) . Revenue acknowledgment: remark letters help determine future counsel.Financial Executive,27( 8 ) , 30+ . Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //go.galegroup.com.libezproxy.nait.ca/ps/i.do? id=GALE|A270733460 A ; v=2.1 A ; u=naitl_main A ; it=r A ; p=AONE A ; sw=w A ; asid=c3da09f0219b502c098e26ad463dce28 9 ) www.irs.gov./small-businesses- % 26-self-emloyed/accounting-for-construction-contracts-construction-tax-tips 10 ) Wiley GAAP 2012 pages 359

Barn Burning Theme free essay sample

Although, all of these connotations and many more exist, yet, the main context in which fire is used in â€Å"Barn Burning† is as a way to represent Abner’s lack of power through self-expression. The first time that we are introduced to fire in this story is when Abner is on trial for burning down Mr. Harris’ barn. Harris states that he continuously tried to help Abner make a fence for his pig, even by providing the materials. After these repeated attempts, however, Abner still burned the man’s barn down. Although the author doesn’t clearly state this in this section of the story, as the judge dismissed the case for lack of witness, we can infer that Abner did in-fact burn the barn down from his later actions. The reader can begin to see the connotation of self-expression here by seeing that it was Abner’s reluctancy to take a simple order which caused him to burn the barn. We will write a custom essay sample on Barn Burning Theme or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Abner’s son Sarty nearly has a panic attack at the thought of having to lie to save his father as he approaches the stand. The men can clearly see Sarty’s un-comfort and let him go without testifying. Even after seeing his son sweat bullets, Abner is still raging at the fact that his son couldn’t lie to protect him. In this instance we can see how Sarty disobeying Abner sends him in a rage as a result of feeling a loss of power. Later, we see the fire Abner has built to keep his family warm through Sarty’s eyes as he stares into it blindly as they rest at camp. The boy had so many questions to ask yet knew to keep them to himself; he â€Å"wondered why not a big [fire]† (394). The fire that Sarty had been accustomed to seeing his father make for the family was always that of a small, shrewd fire. He tried to imagine what compelled his father, the man who burns down barns at the slightest sign of disrespect, to build such small fires. I feel like this is where we learn the most about Abner and his infatuation with this wild flame because the author boldly and outright tells us. â€Å"The element of fire spoke to some deep mainspring of his father’s being† Sarty exclaimed; â€Å"the weapon for the preservation of integrity† (394). We, the reader, can clearly see where Abner’s connection between fire and expression stems from in these two excerpts. Fire is the one thing that this man can control in his life. Abner acknowledges his control over fire by building a â€Å"shrewd† one this night. As I read this portion of the story I couldn’t help but thinking that Abner is not only making a â€Å"shrewd† fire so that it will keep them warm longer, but how he is also teaching his boys, so that they will learn to think the way he does. Yet, we also see the obvious connotation that society has given fire; destruction. His family and others that come into contact with him become aware quickly of his uncontrollability and unstableness, just like fire. Abner has used fire as a way to strike back against these men that are trying to own him and strip him of his ability to freely express it. Abner sees this as a huge sign of disrespect and burns down the most important thing to a farmer, the thing that supports his livelihood, his barn. The following morning we meet up with the family at their new home, a small slave-like house on the De Spain plantation, where Abner will be working. After the family settles in Abner drags Sarty along up the road to go meet with â€Å"the man that aims to being tomorrow owning [Abner] body and soul for the next eight months† (395). In the following portion of the story Abner and his son ride up to this huge white house and barge in only to find that De Spain isn’t home. Abner saw this house as his biggest challenge yet; a very clear, bold expression of the classes system. In my opinion, Abner sees this house as a sign from the owner that he is better than everyone else and that they should recognize that. Whilst in the house, even though he is warned not to track mud, Abner purposefully smears his muddy boot on a clean white rug that lay in his path. Such a man to have a clean, pure white rug as his welcome mat to a mansion such as this one was a slap in the face to Abner. The rug symbolizes the white collar worker and his control over men like Abner. Throughout the entire story we can see clear points in which Abner expresses his disrespect towards authority figures. As we do in the following scene when Abner will not speak to the judge or answer his questions while on trial for ruining the rug. The final scene is where we see how the connotation that Abner has developed with fire finally arise in Sarty, but not exactly the way in which Abner had hoped. Sarty learns the act of self-expression from the fire by allowing himself to betray his family in order to finally release himself from the restraints his wicked father kept on him. Sarty is finally free to make his own decisions and no longer has to lie or hurt people with his family to get by in the world. Sarty uses the fire to relinquish himself to the point where he can now follow the law and live in peace with the rest of the world like he has always wanted to. The larger theme that comes to mind after reading this story, for me, is that the Faulkner felt trapped during the time when he was writing this. That Faulkner felt as if he wasn’t being able to express himself like he wanted to and was trying to portray that through Abner. Faulkner, like the rest of the us, sometimes wished that he could act out and do something to project this to the public. The difference between characters like Abner and real life people, like Faulkner and the rest of us, is that Abner can be written to commit any act of revenge and it’s okay because it’s only a story. Faulkner, as a writer, has the ability to express himself through his characters and it is clearly evident that he utilizes that ability in this short-story. Nathan Huebner Note I really liked this writing this paper. Even when I was first reading the story I knew that this was the topic I was going to write about. It seemed so clear that fire was an important part of this story to me and I’d like to think that I explained that clearly to the reader in this analysis. I feel as if I used enough information from the story to get my point across and that I did a pretty good job of making those quotes flow in my analysis. [ 1 ]. Shrewd: Meaning that it will burn as long as possible on as little wood as possible.

Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin

Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind... Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Free Essays on The Scarlet Letter Of Sin Among Sin Essay written by: PeachiKiwi Sin is defined in Webster’s New World Dictionary as, â€Å"any offense, fault, or the willful breaking of religious or moral law.† Mankind is prone to some degree of sin: it is a barrier that can not be avoided. But it is a question as to what mankind can do in order to achieve redemption from sinister ways, and also how to redeem. However great a sin may seem, it can only augment itself by the perpetrator not owning up and taking responsibility for it. In the book The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne, perhaps the greatest sinner was Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. Many of Hawthorne's works center around what is right or wrong, and the consequences of breaking the basic links between humans by committing acts of sin (Brown). In this book, Reverend Dimmesdale is Hester Prynne’s secret lover, with whom he shares his sin, the sin of adultery. It is ironic that dispite Dimmesdale’s profession, he commits this sin. For a great amount of time in this book, author Nathaniel Hawthorne shows how this sin is frowned upon by many of the townspeople. Arthur Dimmesdale is an eminent minister in Boston and also the father of Pearl. He is a tortured man who constantly places his hand over his heart when agitated. His health is quite bad, and it is thanks to Roger Chillingworth's potions that he is able to stay alive. Dimmesdale admits to being Pearl's father at the very end of the novel, and reveals that he has a scarlet letter branded into his flesh. He dies upon the scaffold while holding Hester's hand. For seven long years, Mr. Dimmesdale lacks the courage to admit his guilt publicly, which puts a tight clamp on his conscience and soul. His sin is prolonged inside of him, festering in every corner of his body and plaguing in his mind...

Limitations in Risk Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Limitations in Risk Assessment - Essay Example basis of limited information on chemical contamination and assumptions about the population. Exposure assessments should not be based on a hypothetical maximally exposed individual (MEI). Screening risk assessments should rely on more representative estimates. Risk-management decisions should be based on refined exposure assessments that evaluate the distribution of a population's varied exposures and should address explicitly for any segments of the population that have unusually high exposures. Whenever possible, measurements should be obtained to support or validate any generic values used in exposure assessments, to check modeling results, or to provide more- realistic estimates of exposure than can be obtained with models. Such measurements might include collecting data at locations where exposures are anticipated, monitoring the exposures experienced by individuals, collecting data on the physical and chemical conditions that affect the movement and availability of chemicals, and providing information that relates exposure to effects, possibly using biologic markers. Measurements of exposure can be very different from estimated exposures based on source characteristics "(Risk Assessment and Risk Management in Regulatory Decision- Making, 28) There are two broad types of mathematical models used in exposure assessment: those that predict exposure to the agent, and those that predict the concentration of the agent. Exposure models can be used to estimate the exposures of populations based on small numbers of representative measurements. Models that predict concentration can be combined with information on human time-activity patterns to estimate exposures. Modeling may be done on long-term and short-term exposures, both of...) http://harvardbusinessonline.hbsp.harvard.edu/hbsp/hbr/articles/article.jspml_action=get-article&articleID=96203&ml_page=1&ml_subscriber=true Bernard Goldstein, Director, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute and Chairman, Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ

History of the Seventh Day Adventist Church Essay

History of the Seventh Day Adventist Church - Essay Example They stayed awake late into the night, waiting for the Christ and were totally disappointed when the time between sunset and midnight passed and nothing happened. Miller, later in life, realized that miracle is part of spirituality but miracle is not spirituality! This event, since then, is known as the Great Disappointment. Miller served in the American Army in various capacities and later discharged after the war, on June 18, 1815. He, perhaps, had no inkling that more stirring times in the spiritual field awaited him. Miller’s main concern related to question of death and an after-life. Some bitter incidents molded his thinking over this issue. Firstly, his experiences as a soldier; secondly the deaths of his father and sister! What happens to an individual after death?—this bothered him intensely. He concluded two possibilities—annihilation and accountability. â€Å"The inquiring, questioning, restless mind which had begun to reveal itself in early youth was as active as ever. By his own testimony he entered he Army with the hope of find in patriotism one bright spot in a seamy, sinister world. â€Å"But,† he said he, â€Å"two years in service was enough to convince me that I was in error in this thing also. When I left the service I had become completely disgusted wit h man’s public character.†(Nichol, p.9) Miller wobbled between two faiths. Initially, he wished to combine both the faiths, Baptist and Deism. Soon, his involvement in the Baptist church became more intense, and he read sermons during one of the local minister’s frequent absences. During one such religious exercise, on the subject of duties of parents, he happened to relate the topic to the character of a Savior. His emotions led him to the internal search of such a compassionate Being, who has the capacity to save humanity from suffering and penalty of sin. That Being is worth adoration and deserves complete surrender, Miller concluded. But Deism had the upper hand again.

French Spanish, Polish And Prussian Influence In The American Revolution Essay Example for Free

French Spanish, Polish And Prussian Influence In The American Revolution Essay On one end of Europe to the other, a simple but dangerous anthem that brought a great change on the face of world history is the word â€Å"why? † Time-honored certainties crumbled: traditional assumptions on the authority of society, the structure of the universe, and even the very existence of God, were put into question. â€Å"Dare to know! † challenged thinkers and philosophers, just centuries before the wave of revolution took place in different parts and phases in Europe and America. This also paved the way for the equal emphasis on practical and theoretical doctrines, which has placed great faith in innovation and a belief that all members of the human race had a right to share its fruits. Such principles as these, embodying new visions of human rights and opportunities, would be translated into action before the end of the century. In North America, England’s 13 colonies severed themselves from the mother country to forge a republic. In 1776, the revolutionaries issued a Declaration of Independence, with a text that rang out with enlightened precepts, ranging from the practical notion of government accountability to the credo that every individual had a natural right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It would take eight years of war before the Declaration could be put into practice, and, when it was, the power relationships within the new state revealed that Enlightenment still had its limitations: the land’s original inhabitants were being remorselessly driven into the wilderness, slavery was legal, and only a small percentage of the male population and none at all of the female enjoyed the right to vote. Nevertheless, the principles of tolerance, self-determination and equal citizenship in a democratic republic had become reality, and the force of these ideas would prove unstoppable. Soon thereafter the Old World experienced its own revolutionary upheavals. In 1789, France’s disaffected bourgeoisie and downtrodden poor rose up together against their weak but autocratic king. The men who came to power when the monarchy fell were the children of the Enlightenment. They had imbibed the unsentimental rationalism of Voltaire, the broad historical perspectives of Montesquieu, and the passionate social idealism of Jean Jacques Rousseau (â€Å"The Age of Reason†). The bloody course of their Revolution, with its years of terror and turmoil, might have horrified these mentors, but the Revolution’s rallying cry of â€Å"Liberty! Equality! Fraternity! † was a triumphant answer to a century of searching and fundamental questions. II. The American Revolution â€Å"That whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, that is against the protection of life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, it is the right of the people to change or to abolish it and to establish a new government laying the foundation on such government as to them shall seem most likely to affect their safety and happiness. † American Declaration of Independence The signing of the Declaration of Independence as drafted by Thomas Jefferson summed up the spirit of America’s feelings on liberty and equality. It expressed their final resolve to break with Britain and put an end to the long years of rule by a king and Parliament thousands of miles away from America. This document united the thirteen colonies of diverse culture, faith, and temperament, uniting them as a new nation. They had crossed the Rubicon. â€Å"We must all hang together or else we will be hanged separately by our enemies,† warned Benjamin Franklin, a delegate from Philadelphia (J. Foe, C. Parco, and M. Coronado. â€Å"Revolution in America and France†). The Fight for Freedom America’s first shots of the revolution were fired in Lexington, Massachusetts. British soldiers had been sent on a secret raid to find and destroy rifles that had been collected by the revolutionaries. Warned by patriots such as Paul Revere, colonists fired upon the British troops. The American Revolution had begun. The Americans were up against a military giant, with 50,000 well-trained troops and another 50,000 Americans who wanted to remain British. The British were well-equipped; they had superior numbers, and had their great navy offshore the colonies. Nevertheless, the inexperienced Americans ‘slew the giant’. There were several factors that contributed to their victory. The Americans were fighting on their own territory for their own survival. The British, on the other hand were not well-motivated to fight, and frequently faced unfamiliar and unfriendly territory. The English troops included Hessian mercenaries from Germany, who became attracted to the ideals of freedom and often defected to the Americans. Although the Americans were poorly trained as soldiers, they had much experience handling guns in the wilderness of America. Further, they were led by a competent and tough leader by the name of George Washington. He inspired hope and courage in his men when all seemed to be lost. Although he had never won any battle before the revolution, Washington was a good military strategist. During the war, the British won most of the battles, but Washington made sure the Americans never were completely crushed. He only fought the British when the odds were in his favor. He used hit and run tactics against the foes. The red uniform of the British made an easy target of the American snipers. Moreover, the distance between the British forces from their homeland brought communication and supply problems. As one historian noted that ‘every biscuit, man and bullet required by the British troops in America had to be transported across a wide ocean. † The ships were small and cramped and it took at least six weeks to make a one-way trip. To make matters worse, British ships were harassed by pirates and other enemy ships, like the Dutch and the French. Lastly, and probably the most decisive factor, unlike the British who fought alone without allies, the Americans were aided secretly at first and then openly by the French, Spanish, and Dutch. Other foreign influences on the outcome of the war came from the Polish and Prussians. What began as a struggle for American independence turned into a multinational war against England. III. Various Foreign Influences: A. French Contribution About twenty years prior to the outbreak of the revolution, colonial wars fought in North America which started as wars between despots in Europe. These wars, involving Britain and France among others were the War of the League of Ausburg or the â€Å"King William’s War†, the War of Spanish Succession in 1702-14 was â€Å"Queen Anne’s War†, and the Seven Years’ War also known as the French and Indian War (G. Zaide and S. Zaide. â€Å"The Rise of the United States†). France and his allies lost heavily on the French-Indian War, resulting to the loss of her colonies mainly in North America and India. Economic policies of Britain only ensured to make money out of the New World to add to their home treasury and finance their wars in Europe. They restricted trade and raised taxes against the desires of the native Americans. Although the British won, this exacted a great price. The cost of funding the wars and maintaining such colonies, which caused the British to lay down heavy taxes on its American colonies as their means of support in exchange for their protection, ignited a desire from the colonists to liberate them from England’s rule. King Louis XVI of France was not personally sympathetic to the cause of the American Revolution. But he held a grudge against the British who robbed him of his Canadian colony. After suffering a disgraceful loss in the France and Indian War, France wanted to shift the balance of power, hoping to remove some of England’s dominance. The philosopher Rousseau helped Franklin lobby the French government to aid the Americans. Therefore France went to war with the Americans to exact revenge on the British Also, many of the French were sympathetic to the Americans. Later in the war, the French gave large numbers of infantry led by General Lafayette, and French warships reached the American revolutionaries. They volunteered their services including Lafayette, as well as give off their financial support for the training of the many inexperienced and beleaguered American army (â€Å"French Volunteers and Supporters of the American Revolution†). In 1780 came the most crucial help, which was the arrival of French troops in Rhode Island. A year after this resulted to the defeat of the British who were under the command of Cornwallis. American and French troops fighting at each other’s side might have been an odd picture, considering that both parties had been enemies about fifteen years earlier. France’s assistance became a significant instrument for the emergence of America as an independent nation (â€Å"The French Contribution to the American War of Independence†). B. Spanish Contribution That the Spanish fought alongside with Americans in the latter’s bid to be free of Britain’s control is not often taught or largely known by many. The subject’s ambiguity extends amongst historians who are not in agreement towards the extent and importance of Spain’s role for the forging of independence for the colony. According to Samuel Bemis, Spain rejoiced over the fighting by the British and Americans that such a war could result to the dwindling of power for both. Like the French, the Spanish government was far from being inspired by the morals of democracy. It was also poised to seize and regain control of lost territories to England, with the end result of weakening the whole British Empire. But unlike the French, the Spanish support was not impassioned by the oppression felt by the Americans from the British. It could even have felt hostile to the cause, fearing this could spread and inspire its own colonies to revolt. For Bemis, Spain’s involvement was not a key role for the success of the American Revolution (S. Bemis. The Diplomacy of the American Revolution). However, this has been challenged by many historians including Thomas Chavez. They believe that Spanish support played a significant role and its effects are far reaching than thought by many (T. Chavez. Spain and the Independence of the United States: An Intrinsic Gift). The colonists acknowledged that Spain’s financial and military contribution helped brought the victory (M. Recio. â€Å"Exhibit Looks at Spain’s Influence on American Revolution†). C. Polish Contribution Some Polish immigrants played an illustrious military career as they served the Continental Army. Silas Deane and Benjamin Franklin’s recruitment of Tadeusz Kosciuszko in France, a Polish general and considered by his fellow countrymen as a national hero due to his victory over the Russian Empire, paved the Polish influence over American independence. Arriving in America in 1776, he served as a colonel of the Continental Army during the revolution. Kosciuszko became an ardent believer of the tenets sited in the Declaration of Independence. This also led him to make effort to meet Thomas Jefferson, the man who penned the Declaration. The meeting created a bond of deep appreciation and friendship towards one another. One of his vital contributions was the fortification of Philadelphia. Other ports were constructed under his command which proved critical such as the American retreat from the Battle of Ticonderoga and the battle won at Saratoga in 1777 (â€Å"Tadeusz Kosciuszko†). Another key Polish influence was the nobleman Count Casimir Pulaski. A freedom fighter even in his native land, he fought against Russia’s control over Poland. Defeated, he left his country to escape captivity, transferred to different parts of Europe and finally came to France. Upon hearing of American’s struggle for independence, Pulaski sought to join the American’s fight. He volunteered his military service before Deane and Franklin. Later, he received recommendation by Washington for the count to serve as cavalry commander. Later, he served the Continental army as brigadier general and proved his dedication for the cause (AnnMarie Francis Kajencki. Count Casimir Pulaski: From Poland to America, a Hero’s Fight for Liberty). D. Prussian Contribution One of the prominent Prussian influences of the American Revolution was Frederick William Freiherr Von Steuben, who enlisted himself to join the American’s fight against British rule. He gained military training and prominence as he served the Prussian’s fight during the Seven Years War (or French and Indian War). Proof of his mettle in battle was his ascent as aide to Frederick the Great. He met Franklin in France, after which he sailed to America, armed with a letter of introduction to George Washington. His major contributions were his introduction of European military training and discipline to the unskilled colonist army and transform it to become more reliable, which lifted up the quality of service among its troops. He made considerable help to Washington in planning strategies and mobilization of the Continental Army. He was hailed as one of the credible heroes of the revolution (â€Å"Frederick William (Augustus) Freiherr (Baron) Von Steuben Biography, 1730–94†). IV. Conclusion Clearly, without foreign assistance or influence, the American victory would have been impossible. Fortunately for the Americans, this aid came with no strings attached. Neither Spain nor France gained territory for her efforts in this costly war. Ironically though, France’s major assistance to the American’s fight for freedom brought the French government into debt and financial crisis. In fact the war helped destabilize the French nation’s economy, leading to the French Revolution. It inspired liberalism and brought a wave of change throughout Europe. The change it brought was inevitable. Not only did it set aflame the winds of revolution in France but to the American colonies of Spain as well (â€Å"American Revolution – The Complete History 1775-1783†). The American success story could not stop the inspiration that a nation can change its own society. It marked a new milestone in the history of democracy. The Americans asserted their right to establish their own government, which sent the waves across the Atlantic and to people everywhere the will of the people should reign supreme in any society.

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The Evolution of Air Defense Artillery the time was the late 1800’s and the airplane was created and included in that warfare adopted those and made of then warplanes so every country had to make something to defend their lands from the attacks form their respective enemies. The term of anti-aircraft artillery (AA) witch was a detachment from the field artillery by modifying their weapons so that they can be able to reach the low flying aircraft attacking their territory. But the term of air defense was first used by Great Britain in the year of 1925 by the royal air force. One of the first weapons used in AA was the Gustav Krupp used to shoot down the ballons in the Franco-Prussian War with took place in the 1870. A few years later in Europe the Krupp, Erhardt, Vickers Maxim, and Schneider were created to be used as AA weapons. But here in the US the first anti-aircraft cannon was created by the Admiral Twining the 3"/23 caliber gun for the US Navy in 1911. But later on, the aircraft were also evolving so every country had to evolve their ways to take down their enemies for example...

Curriculum Development Paper

This curriculum paper discusses the normal development that occurs during the Toddlers’ stage of growth. It also discusses some of common respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders that are present throughout toddlerhood. It emphasizes important information related to the Nursing field. It thoroughly discusses the nursing management involved in the care of normal growth as well as the health deviations seen in toddlers. The target audience is a class of 3rd year nursing students. Pediatric nursing is important branch of nursing that should be tackled by junior level in a Nursing course.Goals/ Learner outcomes of the Lesson The goals of the lesson are for the students to understand the normal growth and development seen in toddlers. They should identify the different health abnormalities affecting toddlers. They should have thorough knowledge about the nature of the disorders discussed. Students should be able to identify the signs and symptoms related in every dis ease/disorder presented. They should enumerate the nursing management and its rationale given to sick toddlers. Learning ObjectivesAt the end of the lesson, the students will be able to understand the nature of Seizures, Cerebral Palsy, Meningitis, Primary Complex, Intestinal Parasitism and Croup. They should be able to describe methods to promote preventive measures against Seizures, Cerebral Palsy, Meningitis, Primary Complex, Intestinal Parasitism and Croup. They should be able to identify different laboratory and diagnostic examinations done for each condition. Students are expected to identify the common presenting clinical manifestation for each condition.And lastly, they should be able to enumerate nursing management done for clients with Seizures, Cerebral Palsy, Meningitis, Primary Complex, Intestinal Parasitism and Croup. Instructional design model, Learner characteristics, Learning theory and other applicable characteristics Instructional design model Dick and Carey Desig n Model. Dick and Carey Model involves all the phases described previously in the ADDIE model, commencing with identification of instructional goals and finishes with summative evaluation. This model is suitable for a variety of context areas including primary and secondary schools as well as business and government.It is also adaptable for a variety of users ranging from movie to expert, as the step by step descriptions aid with progress through the model (Taylor, 2004). Learner Characteristics There are many factors that influence a client’s ability, motivation and desire to learn. Addressing these factors when planning educational interventions is essential, because the effectiveness of the intervention can be at stake. Learner characteristics include, among others, culture/ethnicity, literacy, age, health status, education level, and socioeconomic status (De Young, 2003, p. 59). Learning TheoryCognitive Learning Theory. The key to learning and changing is the individualâ €™s cognition (perception, thought, memory, and ways of processing and structuring information). According to this perspective, to learn, individuals must change their cognitions. A highly active process largely directed by individual, learning involves perceiving the information, interpreting it based on what is already known, and then reorganizing the information into new insights or understanding (Bastable, 2004, p. 50) Content Outline Seizures I. Seizure II. Types of Seizures II. Signs and symptoms of Child with SeizuresIII. Medical management / Pharmacologic management (Nursing considerations) IV. Nursing Management V. Preventive Measures Cerebral Palsy I. Cerebral Palsy II. Signs and symptoms of Child with Cerebral Palsy III. Medical management / Pharmacologic management (Nursing considerations) IV. Nursing Management V. Preventive Measures Meningitis I. Meningitis a. ) Bacterial b. ) Viral II. Signs and symptoms of Child with Meningitis III. Medical management / Pharmacol ogic management (Nursing considerations) IV. Nursing Management V. Preventive Measures Primary Complex I. Primary Complex II.Signs and symptoms of Child with Primary Complex III. Medical management / Pharmacologic management (Nursing considerations) IV. Nursing Management V. Preventive Measures Intestinal Parasitism: I. Nature of Intestinal Parasitism II. Life Cycle of Intestinal Parasites III. Intestinal Parasites: a. ) reservoir b. ) portal of exit from reservoir c. ) method of transmission d. ) Portal of entry e. ) susceptible host IV. Signs and symptoms of Child with Intestinal parasites V. Medical management /Pharmacologic management (Nursing considerations) VI. Nursing Management VII. Preventive Measures CROUPI. Nature of Croup II. Signs and symptoms of Child with Croup III. Medical management / Pharmacologic management (Nursing considerations) IV. Nursing management Instructional Methods Lecture. Lecture can be defined as a highly structured method by which the teacher verbal ly transmits information directly to groups of learners for the purpose of instruction. In its purest form, the lecture format allows for only minimal exchange between the teacher and learner, but it can be an effective method of teaching in the lower-level cognitive domain to impart content knowledge (Bastable, 2004, p. 357)In this type of teaching strategy, the teacher will provide the necessary information about the normal growth and development of toddlers as well as the health deviations common to toddlers. The micro teachers will emphasize the important nursing management involved in caring of sick toddlers Group Discussion. It is a method of teaching whereby learners get together to exchange information, feelings, and opinions with one another and with the teacher. It is one of the most commonly employed instructional techniques. The activity is learner-centered and subject-centered (Bastable, 2004, p. 358).This strategy is incorporated in the lecture. Once in a while, the te acher would be asking questions for the class to discuss. After each video clip of certain illnesses, the class would be asked to give their opinions about what they have watched. They will be asked about certain information that should be remembered in the video clip. Questioning. The use of questioning places learners in an active role. They are asked to recall, to form links between previously isolated information, to analyze statements or beliefs, to evaluate the worth of ideas, and to speculate about what would happen â€Å"if† (De Young, 2003, p.126) This type of strategy will be used as to serve as a recitation for students. This will also serve as a pointing system for them to get rewards and additional credit in their evaluation quiz. Using of audiovisuals (handouts, power point presentation, video clips). If used appropriately, audiovisuals can greatly enhance teaching and can add interest and stimulation to the classroom (De Young, 2003, p. 131). Instructional Mate rials Handouts. The teacher would provide handouts containing important information students can review upon after the class. Power point presentation.Power point presentation is the type of visual aids that will be used; this is for the convenience of both the teachers and students. Students with portable storage devices can acquire the software copy of the report. Video clips. Video clips related to the topics being presented by the micro teachers would be shown to students and they would be asked to give opinions about what they have watched. Evaluation Methods Before the class ends, a 30 item quiz will be given consisting of true-false questions and situational types of questions for analysis and critical thinking using multiple choice.Multiple-Choice Questions. Nursing examinations are often written in the multiple format. There are several reasons for this fact. One is that although they are challenging to create, they are easy to score and can be scored by computer. Another r eason is that licensure and certification examinations are multiple-choice tests, and therefore educators want learners to be familiar with questions like the ones that they will be taking on these exams (De Young, 2003, p. 265). True-False Questions.True-false questions are designed to test a learner’s ability to identify the correctness of statements of fact or principle (De Young, 2003, p. 268). References Bastable, S. B. (2003). Nurse as Educator: Principles of Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice. Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. De Young, S. (2003). Teaching Strategies for Nurse Educators. New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. Taylor,L. Educational Theories and Instructional Design Models. Their Place in Simulation. [PDF document]. Retrieved from Lecture Notes Online Web Site:

Playstation 3 Campaign Audit - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3996 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/09/12 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? 2010 Playstation 3 â€Å"It only does everything†. A Campaign Audit Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY3 INTRODUCTION4 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS4 COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVE AND MESSAGE/MEDIA STRATEGY6 CAMPAIGN BUDGET11 CAMPAIGN EFFECTIVENESS12 WORKS CITED LIST15 APPENDIX A17 APPENDIX B18 APPENDIX C19 APPENDIX D20 APPENDIX E21 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The reason behind this campaign audit was to further our knowledge and skills needed in the area of advertising and promotion. In particular we are focusing on the â€Å"It only does everything† campaign run by Sony, to promote the release of their new model Playstation 3. The research draws attention to the overall effectiveness of the campaign. It brings into context the position that the product was in at the time the new campaign was introduced. The research highlights the communication objectives and media strategies undertaken by Sony to promote the Playstation 3 in the desired way. This includes what methods and tools were used, which methods were focused on most and how the organization came up with the rationale for the split between communication tools. It also discusses the budgets set for the campaign and also how the finances were split between tasks. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Playstation 3 Campaign Audit" essay for you Create order This all comes together in order to analyze exactly how effective the campaign was. Sony is one of the most well recognized organizations across the globe and amongst other products is extremely well known for their gaming products, known to us as Playstation. This audit is based on prior research done by our group members after being assigned the task by the unit coordinator. Most of our research has come in the form of articles, and promotional videos, as well as general word of mouth. This audit will serve as a basis to our understanding of the processes made up of conducting such tasks. It is one of many steps we will undertake in furthering our knowledge in the area of advertising and promotion. INTRODUCTION We have chosen to analyze the Sony Playstation 3 (PS3) ‘It only does everything’ campaign. The console market is extraordinarily competitive; companies must produce advertising campaigns that stand above the rest, and to do this they poor billions of dollars into the marketing departments. With sales declining and the Microsoft Xbox 360 looking like it would be the clear victor in the current generation of console wars, Sony launched the ‘it only does everything’ campaign. This campaign is vastly different from the previous more abstract campaigns Sony has used in the past. The campaign was launched on the 27th of August 2009 and since then Sony has recorded a 184% increase in sales and intention to purchase has increased from 19% to 36%. It should be noted that the campaign was launched at the same time as a significant price drop for the PS3. We chose the PS3 ‘it only does everything’ campaign because of the success it has had for the product. After years of trying Sony has created an ad campaign which appeals to the masses of America. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS The American market is by far the largest gaming consoles market. With roughly 70% of Americans playing videogames it is no wonder that it is such a competitive market (Whitney, 2009). The PS3s main competitors are the Microsoft Xbox 360 and the Nintendo Wii. In the months leading up to launch of the new advertising campaign the PS3 was selling on average half as many consoles as the Xbox 360 (NPD sales figures) [see appendix A]. The global financial crisis also had an impact on the console market, with the US game market seeing a 29% drop in revenue in July 2009 (Nutt, 2009). An opportunity that Sony saw was the development of the high-definition (HD) movie market. Being the main driving force behind the blu-ray format (they were the key developers) and having the cheapest blu-ray player one the market (the PS3 itself) Sony is in a position where they could potentially make the largest profit from this new HD format. Another opportunity for Sony is to further develop the digital distribution platform, the Playstation Network. Digital distribution benefits both producers and developers as it removes the middlemen, retailers, from the distribution network, meaning more profits remain with Sony. This also poses a challenge, as the target market needs to be educated about the benefits of digital distribution as opposed to purchasing a physical copy, which is the most common method currently. Another challenge Sony faces is convincing people that they need to upgrade from DVD, which is still the most common way to view movies, to blu-ray, the newer up-and-coming technology to view movies. Some factors in the market that contributed to the success of the campaign were the acceptance of blu-ray discs as the hi-def video format, the rise of videogames as a socially accepted form of entertainment, and the low price and wide availability of HD television sets. Whilst high-definition televisions are becoming much more common still not everyone has one. Trying to convince a consumer they need a blu-ray player is going to be near impossible if they do not have a HD television to connect it to. The campaign had three main marketing objectives, increase market share, expand its target market, and increase profits. The video game industry has been likened to the razorblade industry by Duke Ferris, founder and chief editor of the popular gaming site GameRevolution. com, â€Å"consoles have traditionally operated on a razors and razorblades model, losing money on the hardware in order to make it back on the games. Whilst Sony does profit from the sale of consoles it makes a larger profit from the sale of games. For this reason the main marketing objective of the campaign was to increase market share. Another objective of Sony’s was to expand its target market. Previously Sony has only targeted 17-34 male gamers with their campaigns but this new campaign is trying to capture a whole new market. Sony has placed more of a focus on the multimedia capabilities in hopes of catching more customers, not necessarily hardcore gamers, but those looking for a good quality, high-definition all-in-one console. In particular, Sony focused on marketing the blu-ray player and the digital distribution network linked to the PS3. The name of the campaign itself ‘It only does everything’ is a key indicator of this. The last marketing objective was simple, to increase profitability. To do this Sony had to succeed with their first two objectives. Sony used demographics and physcographics to segment the market. Traditionally the target market for home consoles has been males aged 17-34 however with this campaign, Sony has chosen to break from this mold by targeting young families, as well as the traditional 17-34 year old males. Originally the PS3 was positioned purely as a gaming console, but now the new campaign is informing its new target that it does everything. This refers to the fact that it is also a blu-ray player, so one can watch HD movies and shows, provides access to the PSN (an online digital distribution network) as well as being a complete media centre. The segmentation has been effective with Sony recording a 184% increase in sales and a 19% increase in intent to purchase. COMMUNICATION OBJECTIVE AND MESSAGE/MEDIA STRATEGY Sony utilizes an Integrative Marketing Communications campaign to market the Playstation 3 gaming system. The campaign was introduced in a way to capture a large and varied audience and to communicate the broad features and benefits. The different advertising vehicles include television commercials, Internet advertising, social network advertising, and place of purchase advertising. The TV advertisements are the most recognizable form to the consumers. This section of the campaign is highly in line with the target and objectives set out by the organization. There are a series of nine television commercials all filmed in a similar manner, with a similar message, providing new information about the product, although they each highlight a different feature about the PS3 (Youtube 2010). There are many members of the target market represented in these commercials including: men and women ranging in age from teenage to elderly, young couples and even families. Sony has utilized another very effective source in this campaign, the Internet and social networking sites. A variety of images promoting the versatility of the PS3 have been posted on a considerable number of websites, an example can be shown in Appendix B. Social networking includes using Facebook and Twitter to interact with the target market. Carter 2007) Members of the target market are very in tune with technology and can use these different forums to interact with others who are interested in the product. This gets consumers more involved with the brand, increasing their liking of the brand and potential to encourage positive action from the consumers. The Sony website provides an efficient method to search for retailers supplying the product as well as the option to purchase with the click of a button ov er the Internet. The communication objectives include reaching more target customers, providing the customers with the new information about the product, including the new games and gaming abilities, the ability to access the internet, being able to watch blu-Ray DVDs, the sleek and slim design, differentiating it from its competitors and advertising the new lower price. (Dille, n. d. ) (Moats 2008) The overarching message of the campaign is that the product does everything. (Playstation 2010) Sony is using a creative marketing strategy approach, as it follows all the features of a creative marketing strategy. Shimp 2010) The Steps include 1. It follows from a sound marketing strategy: a. All advertisements are similar throughout the various vehicles. Sony connects all the advertising vehicles together through the similarities between them. 2. The advertising takes the customer’s view: b. Sony takes into account the loyal customers who want a high quality console c. Realizes how their custome rs use technology and media, many spend a lot of time watching television, surfing the web and networking. 3. It finds a way to break through the clutter: d. By being humourous. 4. The messages have never promised more than the product can deliver: e. Stating that it can do everything seems like an inherent overstatement, but it is an all-in-one console. 5. It prevents the creative idea from overwhelming the strategy. f. Sony uses simple humour to reach customers while providing each segment with information needed to hopefully make a positive purchasing decision. The other type of strategy used is a unique selling proposition (USP). (Shimp 2010) The USP is that it is a high-definition all-in-one console. One could also consider this a preemptive strike against competitors, as now no other competitor will be able to say the same without at least some comparison to the PS3. Another strategy used to understand the marketing campaign is transformational advertising as the PS3 has associated itself with some physiological characteristics atypical of a gaming console experience (Shimp 2010). It attaches itself with bringing families and couples together be being able to spend quality time together. Another type of strategy Sony can implement is product placement. Shimp 2010) Through product placement one can get a better understanding of the many different uses of the product and see it in action. It can solidify the message that it does everything as the customer can see that all in one show, instead of having to hopefully see all the commercials over time. Sony uses humour appeals in all messages in the marketing campaign. It is a successful use of an advertising appeal for many reasons. It created buzz about the product. Humour is used more successfully with established rather than new products; Playstation is quite the established brand with strong brand recognition. Humour is also more appropriate for products that are more experiential. The whole product is based around user experiences, i. e. playing games, watching movies and interacting with others through the network. Although humour is interpreted differently among different demographic groups, Sony did cover many demographic groups in their commercials with slightly different humourous appeals for each targeted segment. Endorsers used in the commercials do not fit the normal pattern of endorsers. The starring roles are played by Kevin Butler a completely made up character created by the brand, but now takes on many characteristics of a real person. He has his own Twitter account, (Twitter, The Kevin Butler 2010), is featured in all the brands advertisements, and is potentially riding off preconceived notion of the success of the name Kevin Butler, please see appendix C. Although, as he is not real he has no resonance with the target market, therefore there are no preconceived feelings about this character that the target audience can attribute to him for the brand to ride off of. Endorsers are used when applicable, that relate to games sold for the PS3. Some celebrity figures are used in some commercials in guest starring roles. For example, for one Major League Baseball (MLB) game there have been baseball stars used in the ads. Although are not as strongly used as the fictitious character. However, when celebrity figures are used there is great matchup between the figures used and the brand because it directly relates to the product, in such that the figures are also usually featured in the game they are helping to sell. These figures also relate to the target audience because the target audience wants to see these characters in their games, and are happy to see commercials featuring their beloved sports players. The choice to introduce this campaign at a convenient time to promote the new slim model console gave the campaign another boost. A very widespread form of promotion across Australia was the use of these new PS3’s as promotional products for customers purchasing Sony Bravia TV’s. This promotion was posted in many retailers mail magazines and further promoted the product. Sony incorporates into its marketing strategy, cooperative advertising, in which the organization provides retailers with the materials and guidelines to develop advertisements in order to keep the target and objectives in line across the board. As we can see there are a wide variety of methods used to communicate the marketing message and advertise the product. It is clear that the organization focused heavily on the TV advertisements, which received positive feedback. This is an easy way to communicate their messages to an extremely large audience and is very effective in adding the message to the consumers product recall set. Internet and print advertisements were also heavily used to portray the message, mainly promoting the new price of the product. This is an effective method to promote messages in public places such as shops, billboards and signs. In conclusion the rationale for the split between forms of advertisements was very successful. It has and is still succeeding in communicating the message across to an extensive audience. CAMPAIGN BUDGET This campaign was released with such a large magnitude; it is not surprising that Sony had to set aside an extensive budget to promote the new slim PS3 in the campaign. As the campaign is still ongoing it was hard to find exact figures as to how much was spent on marketing and promotion. By researching figures from past campaigns and taking into account the amount spent by major competitors we are able to get a rough idea on how much was spent on marketing and promotion for this campaign to date. The campaign was brought into use during late August 2009 and received a warm response. If we take nto account several figures concerning major competitors, being Microsoft (Xbox 360) and Nintendo (Wii) we can make a rough estimate as to how much was set aside for the promotion of this campaign. Expenditures promoting the Wii total an estimate of US$200million, although keeping in mind that the PS3 is a far more recognizable product. In 2006 Microsoft set aside a total of US$945million for a dvertising. Comparing this to Sony’s staggering 2008 advertising budget of US$1. 9billion, we can see that the expenditure on this campaign could be several levels above that of the Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii. While these figures give a rough estimate as to how much could have been spent on the PS3 campaign, it is known that Sony spent an overwhelming ? 82million (US$121million) on their European campaign alone. It is clear that the extensive efforts to promote the product in this campaign could have come at an extremely costly price. There are several budgeting methods organizations can take when promoting their products. Being such a large, well-known organization it would be impractical for Sony to use just one of these methods. One method used would be the objective and task method whereby the organization decided on a goal and sets the budget accordingly. The campaign was aiming to change the perception of the PS3 and thus was communicating a very different message. Meaning that vast supplies would have to be allocated to the campaign. Another driving factor is the position the competitors are in. This gives rise to another method that Sony uses, known as the Match Competitor technique. In this the method organizations, Sony would check how much their competitors (Xbox 360 and Wii) are spending and match or even exceed these budgets. Bringing into factor the methods used by Sony to position the PS3 in this campaign, as well as how much the competitors are spending on their campaigns respectively, we can quite easily assume that the budget of this campaign would have been in excess of US$400million. Without exact figures it is difficult to analyze how much was spent on each individual advertising method throughout the campaign. But with the focus on TV advertising and the exorbitant costs associated with this method, it is fair to say that a large proportion of their budget would have been allocated to this method. CAMPAIGN EFFECTIVENESS The Playstation 3 campaign has had a positive effect on both the marketing and communication objectives. The three marketing objectives stated by Sony include; increase market share, expand its target market and increase profits. The communication objectives established were, to communicate; female friendly use, a sleek new design, features and price, as well as value for money. There were also hindering factors at play throughout the campaign period, which affected these goals. These objectives are standard for any business wanting to grow, however it has taken time and dedication to achieve them. The objective to increase market share has been obtained as a result of the campaign. PS3’s main competitors in the market are, Xbox 360 and Nintendo Wii (Tribbey 2010). As illustrated in appendix D, the PS3 has the smallest amount of the market, out of three main players (NPD Market Share Numbers for Game Consoles 2009). However it has achieved the objective of increasing the proportion of market share. Peter Dille, senior vice president of marketing at Sony said â€Å"this is a result of the new brand campaign, price point and anticipated games. † (Dille, 2010) Market share continues to grow as a result of the campaign. The expansion of the target market has been a result of the campaign. Sony has deconstructed the stereotypical gaming users, and appealed to more demographics (Boyes 2008) Research conducted by Sony has proven the campaign to be successful in achieving this objective as discussed by Mariam Sughayer, analyst relations manager at Sony (Sughayer 2008). Consumers are more educated about the product creating greater understanding and appeal to the broader community. (Reilly 2010) Increased profits have been an objective that has required time to be obtained. The recent development of new technology has allowed Sony for the first time to manufacture the console for less than the retail price (Now cheaper than 2010). This will allow the firm to turn a profit on the console as well as the games and accessories. As sales keep on rising, shown in appendix E, as a result of the campaign (Unit Sales 2009), the profit total will keep on escalating. The power of profit will push Sony into the next generation of gaming and become a stronger competitor. The campaign has succeeded in having a positively influential effect on the communication objectives. The communication objectives focused on; female-friendly use, sleek new design, features and price, as well as value for money (Sony PS3 Campaign 2007). The campaign has successfully educated consumers (Reily 2010), making them more aware of the value proposition and the communication objectives intended by Sony. As consumers became more aware of the product, this has shifted their attitudes away from competitors (Barczak Wesley 2010). The campaign caused a surge in sales, indicating that the objectives set where obtained from the campaign effectiveness. A sales increase of 1000% has been confirmed by Chartracks and has been steadily increasing with some fluctuations (Grimm, n. d. ). The communication objectives will allow the PS3 to become stronger over the years while its competitors become obsolete (Tribbey 2010). The campaign has endured some hindering effects. The Global Financial Crisis hit the gaming industry particularly hard and during the Playstation 3 campaign (Lippert 2009). Also the console industry cycle plays a role in the sales figures and statistics of the product. (Lippert 2009). These uncontrollable factors would have affected sales and caused fluctuations and strain on the objectives, not caused by the campaign. The PS3 Campaign â€Å"It Only does Everything† has maintained its forward moving momentum, by driving its forces towards obtaining the objectives set. Although the campaign came under pressure from external environmental forces, it has managed to exceed these and develop a truly successful advertisement. The campaign has allowed Sony and Playstation 3 to be a long distance winner in the future of the gaming consol market. WORKS CITED LIST 1. Moats, Brian 4/13/2008, Marketing Plan: Sony Playstation 3. Available from https://brianmoats. com/Portfolio/Playstation_3_Marketing_Plan. pdf [ April 13, 2010]. 2. Carter, Meg, Jan. 29, 2010 Creating a Digital Echo Available from https://www. guardian. co. uk/media/2007/jan/29/mondaymediasection6. [April 27, 2010]. 3. Cheng, Jie, Freeman-Aloiau, Mark, Guo, Xin, Pullen, Anthony, March 6, 2007. Sony: Maintaining Dominance with Playstation 3 California Institue of Technology. Available from https://www. mcafee. cc/Classes/BEM106/Papers/2007/PS3. pdf [May 1, 2010]. 4. Dille, Peter, n. d. Playstation Blog Available from https://blog. us. playstation. com/2009/08/27/it-only-does-everything/. [April 22, 2010]. 5. Playsation’s Channel available from https://www. youtube. com/user/playstation? blend=2ob=4. [May 1, 2010]. 6. 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Sughayer, M. 2008, Industry Sales Climb, PS3 Sales Climb Too. 22 January 2008, Mariam Sughayer: Blog. Available from: https://blog. us. playstation. com/2008/11/31/industry- sales- climb-ps3-sales climb-too /. [29 April 2010]. 13. Reilly, J. 2010, Sonys It Only Does Everything Campaign Paying Off. Available from: ;https://au. ps3. ign. com/articles/108/1081778p1. html;. [28 April 2010]. 14. Now cheaper than ever to manufacture, 2010. Available from: ;https://www. mygaming. co. za/news/ps3/5854-Sony-finally-turning-profit-PS3-hardware. html;. 1 May 2010]. 15. Unit Sales of Hardware, 2009. Available from: ;https://www. scei. co. jp/corporate/data/bizdatausa_e. html;. [29 April 2010]. 16. Sony PS3 Campaign, 2007. Available from: ;https://awards. lbi. co. uk/playstation_bima. htm;. [27 April 2010]. 17. Barczak, G ; Wes ley, T 2010, â€Å"Launch of the Sony PlayStation 3† Richard Ivey School of Business Case Collection. Available from: Proquest. [1 May 2010]. 18. Lippert, B 2009, â€Å"The Game is On† Adweek, vol. 50, no. 32, pp. 41. Available from: ABI/INFORM Global. [30 April 2010]. APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C Kevin Butler is a famous retired National Football League (NFL) player in the United States. Kevin Gregory Butler  (born July 24, 1962 in  Savannah, Georgia) is a former professional  American football  placekicker who played for the  Chicago Bears(1985-1995) and the  Arizona Cardinals  (1996-1997). APPENDIX D APPENDIX E PlayStation ®3 Worldwide Hardware Unit Sales (Unit: million) | Q1| Q2| Q3| Q4| FY(*)| FY2006| -| -| 1. 7| 1. 8| 3. 5| FY2007| 0. 7| 1. 3| 4. 9| 2. 2| 9. 1| FY2008| 1. 6| 2. 4| 4. 5| 1. 6| 10. 1| FY2009| 1. 1| 3. 2| 6. 5|   |   | ( * Fiscal Year ended March 31)